![]() Nobel Prize-winning economist James Heckman, among others, showed substantial long-term returns on investment for specially designed and carefully implemented programs. This enthusiasm has rested in part on research going back to the 1970s. But her study design was unusually strong, so she couldn't easily explain it away. A statewide public pre-K program, taught by licensed teachers, housed in public schools, had a measurable and statistically significant negative effect on the children in this study.įarran hadn't expected it. "In third grade, where we had seen effects on one type of suspension, which is minor violations, by sixth grade we're seeing it on both types of suspensions, both major and minor." ![]() "Whereas in third grade we saw negative effects on one of the three state achievement tests, in sixth grade we saw it on all three - math, science and reading," says Farran. They had lower test scores, were more likely to be in special education, and were more likely to get into trouble in school, including serious trouble like suspensions. And at the end of sixth grade, they were doing even worse. At the end of their first year, the kids who went to pre-K scored higher on school readiness - as expected.īut after third grade, they were doing worse than the control group. Easter Grassįarran and her co-authors at Vanderbilt University followed both groups of children all the way through sixth grade. NPR Ed The Tennessee Pre-K Debate: Spinach Vs.
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